ASHATA Retro Brick Cell Phone, 2G 80's Retro Mobile Phone 32MB+32MB Dual Card + Memory Card, Supoort Bluetooth, Voice Change, Flashlight and Power Bank, etc(Black)

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a b Gow, Gordon A. & Smith, Richard K. (2006). Mobile and wireless communications: an introduction. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill International (UK). p.23. ISBN 0-335-21761-3. One of the first successful public commercial mobile phone networks was the ARP network in Finland, launched in 1971. Posthumously, ARP is sometimes viewed as a zero generation ( 0G) cellular network, being slightly above previous proprietary and limited coverage networks. [ citation needed] Handheld mobile phone [ edit ] Martin Cooper photographed in 2007 with his 1972 handheld mobile phone prototype. Motorola also offered a one-hour desktop charger, though the battery could get quite hot while charging at this accelerated rate. In some cases, this could cause major problems with the battery, occasionally short circuiting it and rendering it unusable. Also, charging the battery at a high enough rate to substantially raise its temperature will cause the battery to wear at an accelerated rate, reducing the number of charge-discharge cycles that can be performed before the battery will need to be replaced. (However, considering the high cost of the DynaTAC, the cost of battery replacement would not typically be a concern to DynaTAC owners.)

Mobile phone charger plugs prior to the universal standard (left to right) Samsung E900, Motorola V3, Nokia 6101 and Sony Ericsson K750. The Micro-USB interface is found on chargers for feature phones and smartphones. The USB-C interface is increasingly found on (chargers for) smartphones. [56] Pros seem to outdo cons in new phone charger standard". News.com. 20 September 2007 . Retrieved 26 November 2007. [ permanent dead link] Code of Federal Regulations: Telecommunications. Washington, DC: Office of the Federal Register. 1 October 1992. Universal Charging Solution". GSM World. Archived from the original on 26 June 2010 . Retrieved 22 June 2010. Lindmark, Sven (January 2004). "Telecom Dynamics: History of State of Swedish Telecom". Vinnova Analysis, VA.One of the key factors in the success of smartphones was the development of mobile operating systems. Apple’s iOS and Google’s Android emerged as dominant players, providing a platform for app developers to create a vast ecosystem of applications that further expanded the capabilities of mobile devices. The Era of Touchscreens and Connectivity

As technology progressed, so did mobile devices. The introduction of smaller components, digital networks, and improved battery life paved the way for more portable and feature-rich phones. The 1990s saw the rise of “flip phones,” which had a compact design and offered additional functionalities like text messaging and basic games. The Smartphone Revolution Facts about the Mobile. A Journey through Time" (PDF). Mobilen50ar.se. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2010. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sourcesin this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( April 2012) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) While Motorola was developing the cellular phone itself, from 1968 to 1983, Bell Labs worked on the system called AMPS, while others designed cell phones for that and other cellular systems. Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, led a team that produced the DynaTAC 8000x, the first commercially available cellular phone small enough to be easily carried, and made the first phone call from it. Martin Cooper was the first person to make an analog cellular mobile phone call on a prototype in 1973.

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In 1991 the first GSM network ( Radiolinja) launched in Finland. In general the frequencies used by 2G systems in Europe were higher than those in the United States, though with some overlap. For example, the 900MHz frequency range was used for both 1G and 2G systems in Europe, so the 1G systems were rapidly closed down to make space for the 2G systems. In the United States, the IS-54 standard was deployed in the same band as AMPS and displaced some of the existing analog channels. In the five years from 1985 to 1990, Nokia and Ericsson joined Motorola as well as electronics giants NEC and Philips and a host of The first pre-commercial trial network with 3G was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in the Tokyo region in May 2001. NTT DoCoMo launched the first commercial 3G network on 1 October 2001, using the WCDMA technology. In 2002 the first 3G networks on the rival CDMA2000 1xEV-DO technology were launched by SK Telecom and KTF in South Korea, and Monet in the US. Monet has since gone bankrupt. By the end of 2002, the second WCDMA network was launched in Japan by Vodafone KK (now Softbank). European launches of 3G were in Italy and the UK by Three/Hutchison group, on WCDMA. 2003 saw a further eight commercial launches of 3G, six more on WCDMA and two more on the EV-DO standard. While the transmission of speech by signal has a long history, the first devices that were wireless, mobile, and also capable of connecting to the standard telephone network are much more recent. The first such devices were barely portable compared to today's compact hand-held devices, and their use was clumsy.

Martin Cooper of Motorola made the first publicized handheld mobile phone call on a prototype DynaTAC model on April 3, 1973. This is a reenactment in 2007. Radio Common Carrier [18] or RCC was a service introduced in the 1960s by independent telephone companies to compete against AT&T's IMTS. RCC systems used paired UHF 454/459MHz and VHF 152/158MHz frequencies near those used by IMTS. RCC based services were provided until the 1980s when cellular AMPS systems made RCC equipment obsolete. Gerken, Tom (12 December 2022). "December 2024 set as date for universal phone charger in EU". BBC News . Retrieved 4 March 2023. Martin Cooper – The Inventor of the Cell Phone". Cellular.co.za. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015 . Retrieved 23 March 2012. Disney will offer mobile content". Media Week. 20 September 2005. Archived from the original on 2 September 2012 . Retrieved 16 October 2012.

A cellular telephone switching plan was described by Fluhr and Nussbaum in 1973, [23] and a cellular telephone data signaling system was described in 1977 by Hachenburg et al. [24] Emergence of automated services [ edit ] Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. [22] The first portable cellular phone commercially available for use on a cellular network was developed by E.F. Johnson and Millicom, Inc. [29] It was introduced by Millicom subsidiary Comvik in Sweden in September 1981. [30] In September 2007, the Open Mobile Terminal Platform group (a forum of mobile network operators and manufacturers such as Nokia, Samsung, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, and LG) announced that its members had agreed on Micro-USB as the future common connector for mobile devices. [60] [61] Despite the capacity improvement offered by IMTS, demand outstripped capacity. In agreement with state regulatory agencies, AT&T limited the service to just 40,000 customers system wide. In New York City, for example, 2,000 customers shared just 12 radio channels and typically had to wait 30 minutes to place a call. [15] Radio Common Carrier [ edit ] A mobile radio telephone. While it might be considered extremely unwieldy by modern standards, at the time it was considered revolutionary because mobile telephones were bulky affairs installed in vehicles or in heavy briefcases. The DynaTAC 8000X was 10 inches (25cm) long and weighed 2.5 pounds (1kg). [23] It was truly the first mobile telephone which could connect to the telephone network without the assistance of a mobile operator and could be carried about by the user.