Old Bones: 1 (Nora Kelly)

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This week we are looking at two words which may be confused by learners of English: scarce and scarcely. Improve your English with Collins. It would be a fair assessment to say that as a skip hire company, we're certainly in the same ball-park as the humble rag and bone man of yesteryear. Huge leaps in technology and infrastructure now allow us to sort and recycle the vast majority of waste we collect; currently over 90% in fact. We also have a legal (and moral) obligation to be responsible when dealing with the waste we receive. However, there are still some obvious parallels between the way we operate and the bone grubbers of the 1800s - we're always happy to take your non-hazardous waste, although unlike the rag and bone man, we can't do it for free!

Men continue producing testosterone into old age, but the risk of osteoporosis is increased in men with low levels of testosterone. Old Bones is the first book of the Nora Kelly/ Corrie Swanson series, released on August 20, 2019. It marks Kelly's first appearance since 2009's Cemetery Dance, and Swanson's first since 2013's White Fire. On hearing their call, residents with items they thought the rag and bone man might want would go outside into the street and stop them. The rag and bone man would then tell them if he wanted to take their scrap or not. How likely you are to develop osteoporosis depends partly on how much bone mass you attained in your youth. Peak bone mass is partly inherited and varies also by ethnic group. The higher your peak bone mass, the more bone you have "in the bank" and the less likely you are to develop osteoporosis as you age. Risk factors Weight-bearing exercises are the best for your bones. These exercises involve standing up and moving your feet and legs – for example, brisk walking, dancing and running.

For most healthy adults, the recommended amount of calcium is 700 milligrams (mg) of calcium a day, which most people should be able to get from a varied diet that contains good sources of calcium. Under a microscope, healthy bone has the appearance of a honeycomb matrix (top). Osteoporotic bone (bottom) is more porous. Osteoporosis is known as 'the silent condition' as it has no symptoms and you can’t feel your bones getting weaker. This means that osteoporosis usually goes undetected until you break a bone. Osteoporosis can affect men and women. It's more common in older people, but it can also affect younger people. Women Parathyroid hormone treatments (such as teriparatide) are used to stimulate cells that create new bone. You take them as an injection once a day.

Common side effects include muscle or joint pain, rashes, constipation and cold-like symptoms. Calcium and vitamin D supplements Good nutrition and regular exercise are essential for keeping your bones healthy throughout your life. Calcium Most people don't get enough vitamin D from sunlight in winter and it's difficult to get enough vitamin D from food alone. Speak to your GP to see if they'd recommend you taking a daily vitamin D supplement. Try to eat a healthy, balanced diet I hope you're all enjoying our latest episode all about the Amesbury Archer. Enjoy this pretty cool reconstruction of what he may have looked like. ⠀ To achieve this, your healthcare team will ask you about your diet and may recommend that you make changes or take supplements. Medicines for osteoporosisKellerman RD, et al. Osteoporosis. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2021. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed June 3, 2021.

Sex hormones. Lowered sex hormone levels tend to weaken bone. The fall in estrogen levels in women at menopause is one of the strongest risk factors for developing osteoporosis. Treatments for prostate cancer that reduce testosterone levels in men and treatments for breast cancer that reduce estrogen levels in women are likely to accelerate bone loss.From about late March or early April to the end of September, most people should be able to get all the vitamin D they need from sunlight on their skin. A number of different medicines are used to treat osteoporosis (and sometimes osteopenia). Bisphosphonates Exercise can help you build strong bones and slow bone loss. Exercise will benefit your bones no matter when you start, but you'll gain the most benefits if you start exercising regularly when you're young and continue to exercise throughout your life. Stonehenge is complex. That means, courtesy of Megalithia.com, we've got a summary of all the different stages of Stonehenge, plus a few pictures from @englishheritage to help bring the world to life. ⠀